news
What is news?
LO- To explore the history of the news industry and the genres of newspaper
Do now:
1. What are the four elements of the theoretical framework?
Audience, Industry, Representations, Media language
2. What elements are included when analysing Mise-En-Scene?
Costume, Lighting, Hair and makeup, Props, Setting
3. Which three contexts are studied as part of the theoretical framework?
Historical, Political and Social
4. What does the term denotation refer to?
What something is
5. What does the term connotation refer to?
What is represented
What is the purpose of news?
Information
Entertainment
Educate
Profit
Influence
Persuade
TV was made 1950-60s so people didn't have to buy as many newspapers decline of newspapers ever since.
Tabloid
-Talking about i'm a Celebrity "King Sam"
-Saving money on beauty products in boots
-Multiple images but hardly no writing at all
-Big writing to take up more space
-Informal language "Love chat"
Tabloid-
The Mirror
The Sun
Daily Star
Hybrid-
Daily express
Daily mail
Broadsheet-
The Times
The Telegraph
The guardian
The financial times
The Observer
The independent
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Tuesday 9th January
Do now
1. What is the purpose of news? To inform people
2. How was news shared historically? Talking to people
3. What development 150 years ago made it possible to make money from news? Printing press.
4. What development contributed to the decline in newspaper circulation? TV
5. What are the features of a broadsheet? Hard news, Formal language, more copy less image.
Ownership of News
LO- To explore the nature and ownership of the news industry
1.Media Barons- owned by Rupert Murdoch- The Sun, The times
2.Trust- A legal arrangement that transfers funds from the owner to a trustee to manage and control the running of the paper- Scott Trust- The guardian
3.Cross media converged conglomerates- Global institutions that own numerous media outlets. These may be owned by media Barons. DMG and Lord Rothermere- Daily mail
Newspapers are commercial publications- Aim is to make profit
It impacts the content because it sells what is popular and not what is news and important
This impacts the audience as they are only reading and talking about popular news and not helping and making a difference with serious news.
Newspapers and their online publications (example of synergy/convergence) are not legally obliged to provide an un-biased public information service.
This impacts attitudes and opinions because people will be made to believe things that they want them to believe, it persuades people to do what the owners of the newspaper want them to do.
There are ethical and moral codes of press conduct but the printed press is self regulatory industry
mail 39%
Rupert Murdoch sun, times 28%
Star, express, mirror, people, Daily record 16%
Telegraph 5%
Guardian Observer 2%
Financial times 2%
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Tuesday 16th January
Do now:
What type of ownership does the Observer have?- Scotts Trust
What type of ownership does the sun have?- Media Baron Rupert Murdoch
What type of ownership does the daily mail have?- Cross media conglomerate: DMG Media
27.3% of the British press is owned by? - Lord Rothermere
3 Billionaires own and control how much of the British press?- 71%
Newspaper Funding and regulation
LO- To explore the impact of newspaper funding and regulation on the printed press
How does media ownership contribute to news bias?
Commercial advertising ties
Political opinion of owner
Business interests of owners/friends
Profit: Newspapers are not PSB news is not "non fiction" it is stories designed to sell.
-Newspapers are not usually profitable, but are seen as a means of gaining political and social influence
-Guardian and Observer are owned by a trust.
-Liberal values have meant support from the Guardian for both the Labour party and the Liberal Democrats.
-Guardian Media Group bought The Observer in 1993
Political Bias of the UK national Newspaper companies
The Guardian- Left
The Mirror- Left
The Independent- Right and left
The Times- Right
The Telegraph- Right
The Sun- Right
The Daily Mail Express- Right
The Daily Mail- right
How do Newspapers make money?
-Advertising
-selling price of newspaper
-Paywalls and memberships
-Events and other sales
-Sponsored content
___________________________________________________________________________________
Tuesday 30th January
Do now:
1. crucial to democracy, press have the freedom to post whatever they like.
2. They tapped into peoples phones so people stopped believing them. The guardian exposed "news of the world"
3. Create a regulatory body, started the Leveson Inquiry
4. IPSO
5.
For regulation
Newspapers cant be trusted- phone hacking
protect the public
Against Regulation
Communication for the public
Don't want to give power to the regulation
Trying to avoid censorship
Audience and The Observer
Audience and industries-Targeting audiences, the international audience for the observer online, the upmarket audience for quality newspaper online, how different sections target different audiences
Technologies-Reaching audiences via the UK/US/AUSTRALIAN websites, tweets, posts, alerts, link to concept of convergence
Active/Passive audience and uses gratifications theory.
Who owns guardian/Observer?- Scotts trust
What political stance do they have?- Labour
How are they regulated?-self regulated and IPSO
How do they make money?- newspaper sales, subscriptions, paywalls, adverts
They don't have a paywall for their online publications, instead they have a subscription/Voluntary donation system, why do you think this is?- Because more people will have access to it and hopefully donate.
Observer audience
Mainly male
older people, 35plus
Live mostly in London and the south
Upper market readers
Left-Wing
forward looking people, Arts and culture. food. drink aficionados
Convergence,technological and cultural-Printed newspapers and a device that needs the internet have come together so you get a news online (when two or more things come together to make a whole)
Can find the Observer in a print, on an app. on a mobile phone, on a desk top and on social media.
Helps the observer appeal to a wider audience so everyone can see it in different places.
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Tuesday 6th February
Do now: Explain two ways that newspapers are funded.
One way that newspapers make money is through paywalls, this is where a customer has to pay to access online news content from a newspaper, an example of this would be The times. another way that newspapers make money is through memberships, this is different to a paywall because a membership you can read news but they will offer a membership for a certain price a month to read more news, an example of this would be the Guardian.
Media Language
LO- To investigate how print newspaper use media language to create meaning
Advantages of online news-
Easy to access from home and anywhere if you have wifi and a device
Less money
Disadvantages of online news-
don't make as much money as print news
people can access anytime anywhere if they have wifi and a device, more people reading
need to have technology to access it
Observer- Ideologies, e.g. Liberalism, internationalism, patriarchy/anti-sexism, racism/anti racism, expressed in the representations.
patriarchy- a system of society or government in which men hold the power and women are largely excluded from it.
Contexts- Consumerism-Buying things and to keep buying because you want it
Celebrity culture- following or an obsession with celebrities
multiculturalism- allowing many individual cultures to exist within one country
changing attitudes to gender- more equality in gender
changing attitudes to sexuality- more support with sexuality
Masthead- "The observer" suggest that they properly observer what is going on in the world.
Date line- states the date, Sunday 4th February
Byline- Who it is by, in this one it is Carole Cadwalladr, suggesting that a female has wrote it.
Headline- "Labour draws up ultra-safe 'Bombproof' manifesto" something that i going to interest the reader
Subhead-
Caption- "stepping into history" woman who is head of political party in Northern Ireland
Standfirst- The first paragraph, very politics based
Copy-
Main image- A woman showing that its not just men on newspapers
Minor images- A man, showing that its not just women, shows more equality
Columns-
Skybox- Silly images of an actor, Matt Smith and silly images of Taylor Swift and Donald Trump, trying to make Trump look stupid because they don't support him
Pull quote-
Political Bias- Left, they are labour supporters
Representations- Gender is presented equally and you can see just by the photos.
___________________________________________________________________________________
Tuesday 5th March
Do Now:
1. What is the navigation bar? A link to appropriate sections
2.What is the banner referring too?
3.What is a pull quote? Made up of text that is pulled from the text
4. What is the stand first? The summary paragraph
5. What is the masthead? The title of the newspaper
1960s
lack of gender equality
fear of invasion
Espionage
vietnam war
civil rights movement, US and UK Martin luther king, huge protests for racial equality
A lot of social change
Patriarchy
Labour party in charge
cold war- a state of political hostility between countries characterized by threats, propaganda, and other measures short of open warfare.
___________________________________________________________________________________
Tuesday 12th March
Do now: Historical contextual issues of the 1960s
- Lack of gender equality
- Vietnam war
- Civil rights movements
- Labour party was in charge
- Cold war
- coloured TVs
- Big photos
- not much writing
- multiple photos
- red and white Masthead
- main image and a few smaller images but don't take up much room
- Lots of writing that is quite small
- multiple stories
Genre conventions of the observer- Media language
Language
Industries
Audience
Representations
Context!
Genre = Type
Type = Tabloid/Broadsheet
Introduction
The media language used in the observer cover reflects the genre conventions of a broadsheet newspaper.
paragraph plan-
- Masthead- Big, its in bold, its black, serif font.
- Text to image ratio-
- image- one main image, Mid shot, Rishi Sunak + American politician, posed or staged imaged, could be some sort of press conference and shaking hands
- Colour
The media language used in the Observer front cover reflects genre conventions of a broadsheet newspaper.
One way the observer reflects the generic conventions of a broadsheet newspaper front cover is through the main image. The main image is of Rishi Sunak and an American politician. The mid shot of Rishi and the american politician shaking hands shows us a friendship between the two countries, this reinforces the historical friendship between America and England since World War 1. This also emphasises the power that the two countries have when working together. A more educated audience is most likely to be reading the observer as we expect to see politics on the front cover. The audience also expect the observer to show liberal view points, such as racial equality which is clearly shown in the main image.
Another way that the Observer reflects the generic conventions of a broadsheet newspaper front cover is through the masthead. The masthead is quite big and is in bold which is used to draw attention to the audience. The masthead is also black on a white background which emphasises the seriousness of the political news being shown in the observer newspaper. The serif font of the masthead also emphasises the sophisticated news that is included in the front cover of the Observer. The audience can see just from the masthead that the news is serious and sophisticated.
The masthead and main image shows us that the observer front cover is a broadsheet newspaper
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Tuesday 16th April
PPE EXAM DIRT
LO- To reflect on the exam and identify areas to improve
Do Now:
1. Language, Industry, Audience, Representations
2. Cold war, Espionage, Civil rights movement, Lack of gender equality
3. Ukraine and Russia, More gender equality, Technology advancements such as mobile phones, Internet,
question 7-
Reasons why online media are hard to regulate-
One reason why online media is hard to regulate because the head office of that company may not be in our country, therefore cannot be regulated. Another reason why online media is hard to regulate is because people can share and believe what they want so they can spread false information that no one can stop.
question 8-
Analyse two ways the media language on this Observer front page follows the conventions of broadsheet newspapers-
One way that the media language on the Observer front page follows the conventions of a broadsheet newspaper is through the images. We can clearly see that there is a lot more writing than there is compared to images and the images are smaller and there is less of them which follows the conventions of a broadsheet newspaper.Another way in which the observer front page follows the conventions of a broadsheet newspaper is through the use of more formal language compared to the tabloid newspapers, the Observer front page doesn't use slang.
Question 9-
Judgement= Introduction and conclusion
The observer is left wing, liberal= progressive, equality, serious news, fights for those without power or voice.
Audience like food and culture= Music, books, films, art
Introduction-
The representations are typical of the observer newspaper that reflects their Liberal view point.
We can see this in the photo of Serena Williams and Andy Murray, the photo suggests that there is equality within the newspaper, its a photo of a boy and girl playing sport together, this shows that the observer is supporting equality, which is a typical representation of an Observer newspaper.
Another way in which we can see that the observer follows typical representations is via the image in the sky box of the little boy that is titled 'Our son, Jihadi Jack' The image of the little boy is showing us that he is happy, this contrasts the stereotypes of a terrorists. The observer challenges stereotypes to create equality. The focus of terrorists in the skybox highlights that this is an ongoing situation in todays society.
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Tuesday 23rd April
Do Now:
1. What are the values and beliefs of the observer newspaper- fights for those without power, left wing, progressive and support equality
2. Conventions of a broadsheet newspaper- less pictures with lots of writing, uses formal writing, serious stories, black and white masthead with a serif font.
Question 9-
- need to make a clear judgment
-LIAR- Language, Industry, Audience and representations.
-Contexts
-Media language- Fonts, Images, Layout, text/copy, colour
- genre conventions- broadsheet
looks like a broadsheet: masthead, text/copy, only 1 photo and it doesn't take over
Not like a broadsheet- Sky box: context- Fashion/lifestyle, colour: vibrant colours
Contexts- photo is of a singer Raye, black female as main image, promoting groups that are not always represented
Gender- young female
Multiculturalism- black
Lifestyles-
Democracy/Liberal-
Consumerism-
Celebrity culture-
Introduction-
The media language in the observer newspaper reflects a broadsheet newspaper in generic conventions.
Long shot, posed, red carpet, dress, feminine
Represented as formal, successful and happy via her dress and face. This refelcts context of the observer, multicultural, gender equality, celeb culture
The media language in the observer newspaper reflects generic conventions of a broadsheet newspaper. An example of this would be through the masthead. The masthead is in black and white which reflects seriousness, it is also grammatically correct, the T in 'The' and the O in 'Observer' have capital letters where they should be which shows us that the newspaper is formal which makes it very clear that the Observer does use media language to reflect the generic conventions of a broadsheet newspaper.
Another way that the media language in the observer newspaper reflects generic conventions of a broadsheet newspaper is through the text. The text on the newspaper compared to the picture. There is 3 columns of text on the front cover of the observer and only one image that does not take up a lot of room on the front cover. This can show us that the audience is a more upper class and more educated people who enjoy reading. This also shows us that the Observer does use media language to reflect the generic conventions of a broadsheet newspaper. The picture is of a new music artist who is a coloured female called Raye, this shows the equality that the observer are trying to put across and the improving equality during the time.
However, the sky box at the top of the observers front cover shows us that even though majority of the media language reflect the generic conventions of a broadsheet newspaper, there is a few aspects that don't, such as the sky box. The sky box on this front cover is very vibrant colours, such as pink, blue and yellow, this doesn't show the seriousness of the newspaper. However, the context of the sky box advertises what is inside the newspaper and contains "expert fashion tips" which shows the lifestyle of the audience.
In conclusion, i think that the media language on the front of the observer newspaper reflects the generic conventions of a broadsheet newspaper.
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Tuesday 30th April
Do now:
What are the conventions of a Tabloid Newspaper? Red and White masthead, lots of photos and minimal writing, informal language
What are the conventions of a broadsheet newspaper? Black and white masthead, minimal photos and lots of writing, formal language
What are the conventions of the observer newspaper? Liberal view, lots of writing, colour in the sky box but the rest is muted colours, stands up for people who can't, what's change to make the world better
Q10 Modern Analysis
LO- To explore the contextual issues of news in a modern newspaper
Explain how social and/or cultural contexts influence print newspapers today.
1. Wars- Ukraine/ Russia, Palestine/Israel
2. Celebrity culture-
3. Gender equality- more of it
4. Racial equality- More of it/Multiculturalism-
5. Consumerism- buying stuff you want/don't need
6. Attitudes to sexuality- more support+Embrace
7. Supporting positive mental health
1. Alan Davies, talking about families dark secrets, shows that we live in a nosey society
2.
3. women as the main image, shows gender equality, women in top corner of the sky box
4. middle eastern foods, shows multiculturalism
5.
6.
7.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6. sky box has LGBTQ+ book, shows that Observer supports pride month
7.
The social and cultural contexts of today very clearly influence the print newspapers.
One way that this can be seen is through celebrity culture, in the sky box there is an image of Alan Davies talking about his families dark secrets. This shows us that we are living in a nosey society, another way that we can see celebrity culture in newspapers is through the main image of a new and rising artist called Raye, this is showing us that the observer is supporting new artists, Raye is also a coloured woman which shows us that newspapers include racial equality and support gender equality as well showing that there is more gender equality within todays society. This reflects that todays issues influence the print newspapers.
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